Activatable fluorescent probes for in situ imaging of enzymes

用于酶原位成像的可活化荧光探针

主讲人：胥宁格

Chem. Soc. Rev., 2022, 51, 450–463

Abstract:

         As the main biomarkers of most diseases, enzymes play fundamental but extremely critical roles in biosystems. High-resolution studies of enzymes using activatable in situ fluorescence imaging may help to better elucidate their dynamics in living systems. Currently, most activatable probes can realize changeable imaging of enzymes but inevitably tend to diffuse away from the original active site of the enzyme and even translocate out of cells, seriously impairing in situ high-resolution observation of the enzymes. In situ fluorescence imaging of enzymes can be realized by labelling probes or antibodies with always-on signals that fail to enable activatable imaging of enzymes. Thus, fluorescent probes with both ‘‘activatable’’ and ‘‘in situ’’ properties will enable high-resolution studies of enzymes in living systems. In this tutorial review, we summarize the existing methods ranging from design strategies to bioimaging applications that could be used to develop activatable fluorescent probes for in situ imaging of enzymes. It is expected that this tutorial review will promote the new methods generated to design such probes for better deciphering enzymes in complex biosystems and further extend the application of these methods to other fields of enzymes.

摘要：

          酶作为大多数疾病的主要生物标志物，在生物系统中起着基础而又极其关键的作用。利用可激活原位荧光成像技术对酶进行高分辨率研究，可能有助于更好地阐明它们在生命系统中的动力学。目前，大多数可激活探针可以实现酶的可变成像，但不可避免地会从酶的原始活性位点扩散，甚至转移到细胞外，严重影响酶的原位高分辨率观察。酶的原位荧光成像可以通过标记探针或抗体来实现，这些探针或抗体具有始终打开的信号，无法激活酶的成像。因此，具有“可激活”和“原位”特性的荧光探针将使生物系统中酶的高分辨率研究成为可能。在本综述中，作者总结了现有的方法，从设计策略到生物成像应用，可用于开发可激活的荧光探针，用于酶的原位成像。期望本综述能够促进这种探针设计的新方法的产生，以更好地破译复杂生物系统中的酶，并进一步将这些方法的应用扩展到酶的其他领域。